Which term describes an attack that uses a predefined list of words to guess passwords?

A dictionary attack specifically refers to a method of password guessing that leverages a predefined list of words, phrases, or common passwords. In this approach, the attacker utilizes a 'dictionary' of potential passwords, systematically attempting to access accounts by trying each word in the list, thereby capitalizing on the tendency of users to select weak or easily guessable passwords.

This method is often more efficient than brute force attacks, which involve trying all possible combinations of characters until the correct password is discovered. Because many users choose passwords that are simple or derived from common words, the dictionary attack can be effective, especially against poorly secured systems.

When it comes to the other options, though they are related to the general concept of password security and attack strategies, they do not describe the specific method of using a list of words.